What is the function of a vacuum breaker in plumbing systems?

The function of a vacuum breaker in plumbing systems is to prevent siphonage and back pressure. This device is crucial in maintaining the integrity of the water supply system by allowing air to enter the plumbing lines when a vacuum condition occurs.

When water is drawn from a system, such as during a heavy flush of a toilet or a sudden drop in pressure, a vacuum can form, which may lead to the backflow of contaminated water into the drinking water supply. The vacuum breaker prevents this scenario by breaking the vacuum, thereby preventing the potential siphon effect that could pull harmful substances back into the potable water supply. This is especially important in situations where hoses or attachments are used that could introduce pollutants.

The function of a vacuum breaker does not involve enhancing drainage speed, filtering water, or increasing water pressure, as those roles are designated to other components in plumbing systems. The focus of a vacuum breaker is specifically tied to safeguarding against the risks of backflow and maintaining a safe drinking water supply.